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Glossary of military terms - T

A B C D E F G H I J KL M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Tabula ansata

Winged board.

Tabularium

Administrative department.

Tabularium equitum

Administrative office of the legionary cavalry.

Tagma

Military unit. term used by Josephus for legion.

Tarentinos

Light cavalryman armed with javelins.

Taxiarchos

Senior military officer. used as equivalent of tribunus .

Taxis

Military unit.

Tector

Cavalry trooper equipped with large shield.

Tegimentum

Protective garment worn over armour.

Tegimentum scuti

Protective shield cover.

Telos

Military unit. word used by Josephus for legion.

Telum

Missile.

Terebra

Siege machine for drilling holes in walls.

Tèroon

Recruit.

Tertius ordo

'Third officer'.
A - centurion of the third cohort of a legion
B - naval officer of uncertain rank.

Tès hippou stratègos

'General of the cavalry'. Greek term for magister equitum , a senior late Roman commander.

Tessera

Writing tablet.

Tesserarius

NCO in charge of the watchword.

Testamentum militare

Military will. soldiers were granted the right to make a will that did not have to conform to all formal legal requirements.

Testudo

Tortoise formation.

Thoorakitès

Skirmisher equipped with body armour.

Thoracomachus

Padded armour.

Thoorax

Body armour.

Thyreophoros

'Shieldbearer'.
A - any soldier equipped with body shield
B - light infantryman equipped with large shield in Hellenistic armies.

Thyreophoros lonchophoros

Shieldbearing javelineer. legionary javelineer deployed in the four rear ranks of Arrian's battle formation.

Thyreos

Large shield.

Thyreos epimèkès

Oblong shield.

Tibiale

A - legging.
B - greave.

Tiro

Recruit.

Tirocinium

Recruit's first campaign.

Titulum

Stretch of wall and ditch in front of a marching camp gate.

Tolleno

Siege crane.

Tormentum

Torsion gun.

Torques

Neck ornament awarded as military decoration.

Tou tagmatos hippikon

Legionary cavalry.

Toxotès

Archer.

Toxon

Bow.

Trabes

Signalling device.

Tragularius

A - javelineer.
B - archer.

Tragulum

Missile.

Translatio

Transfer.

Translatus

Transferred soldier.

Transvectio equitum

Annual parade in Rome by the equites Romani  at which their horses and equipment were inspected.

Trecenarius

Senior praetorian or legionary centurion of somewhat unclear status.

Tres militiae

The three postings of a full equestrian military career.
A - praefectus cohortis 
B - tribunus angusticlavius / tribunus cohortis 
C - praefectus alae .

Triarius

'Third liner'. heavy legionary infantry soldier.

Triarius ordo

Centurion of the triarii  or pili .

Triarius prior

Senior centurion of a manipulus  of the triarii .

Triboli

Caltrops.

Tribounos

Greek equivalent of tribunus . senior officer.

Tribunal

Raised platform in front of the HQ used for addressing the troops or administring justice.

Tribunus

Senior officer.

Tribunus angusticlavius

'Narrow striped officer'. equestrian legionary officer.

Tribunus cohortis

Commander of auxiliary unit.

Tribunus comitiatus

Officer elected as tribunus militum  by the comitia .

Tribunus laticlavius

'Broadstriped officer'. senatorial legionary officer.

Tribunus militum

Senior legionary officer.

Tribunus militum a populo

Senior legionary officer appointed by popular assembly.

Tribunus Rufulus

Officer picked by the commander.

Tribunus sexmestris

Tribune serving a tour of duty of only six months. note that there is absolutely no evidence at all to identify this officer as commander of the legionary cavalry as sometimes stated in modern literature.

Tribunus vacans

Late Roman unassigned tribune. staff officer.

Trierarchus

Naval officer. ship's captain.

Trièrès

Trireme. galley with single oarsmen on three levels.

Triremis

Trireme. galley with single rowers on three levels.

Triumphalia ornamenta

The insignia of a triumphator .

Triumphator

Victorious army commander granted the right of holidng a triumphus .

Triumphus

Triumphal entry into the city of Rome. highest honour bestowed on victorious commander.

Tuba

Trumpet.

Tubicen

Trumpeter.

Tubicen princeps

Senior trumpeter.

Tumultuarius

Irregular auxiliary.

Tumultus

Mobilisation.

Tunica

Tunic.

Tunica palmata

Gold embroidered purple garment worn by triumphator .

Turma

Cavalry unit.

Turmalis

Soldier belonging to a turma . trooper.

Turris

Tower.

Turris ambulatoria

Siege tower.

Turritus

Turreted.

A B C D E F G H I J KL M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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