Glossary of military terms - T

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Tabula ansata	Winged board.
Tabularium	Administrative department.
Tabularium equitum	Administrative office of the legionary cavalry.
Tagma	Military unit. term used by Josephus for legion.
Tarentinos	Light cavalryman armed with javelins.
Taxiarchos	Senior military officer. used as equivalent of tribunus .
Taxis	Military unit.
Tector	Cavalry trooper equipped with large shield.
Tegimentum	Protective garment worn over armour.
Tegimentum scuti	Protective shield cover.
Telos	Military unit. word used by Josephus for legion.
Telum	Missile.
Terebra	Siege machine for drilling holes in walls.
Tèroon	Recruit.
Tertius ordo	'Third officer'. A - centurion of the third cohort of a legion B - naval officer of uncertain rank.
Tès hippou stratègos	'General of the cavalry'. Greek term for magister equitum , a senior late Roman commander.
Tessera	Writing tablet.
Tesserarius	NCO in charge of the watchword.
Testamentum militare	Military will. soldiers were granted the right to make a will that did not have to conform to all formal legal requirements.
Testudo	Tortoise formation.
Thoorakitès	Skirmisher equipped with body armour.
Thoracomachus	Padded armour.
Thoorax	Body armour.
Thyreophoros	'Shieldbearer'. A - any soldier equipped with body shield B - light infantryman equipped with large shield in Hellenistic armies.
Thyreophoros lonchophoros	Shieldbearing javelineer. legionary javelineer deployed in the four rear ranks of Arrian's battle formation.
Thyreos	Large shield.
Thyreos epimèkès	Oblong shield.
Tibiale	A - legging. B - greave.
Tiro	Recruit.
Tirocinium	Recruit's first campaign.
Titulum	Stretch of wall and ditch in front of a marching camp gate.
Tolleno	Siege crane.
Tormentum	Torsion gun.
Torques	Neck ornament awarded as military decoration.
Tou tagmatos hippikon	Legionary cavalry.
Toxotès	Archer.
Toxon	Bow.
Trabes	Signalling device.
Tragularius	A - javelineer. B - archer.
Tragulum	Missile.
Translatio	Transfer.
Translatus	Transferred soldier.
Transvectio equitum	Annual parade in Rome by the equites Romani at which their horses and equipment were inspected.
Trecenarius	Senior praetorian or legionary centurion of somewhat unclear status.
Tres militiae	The three postings of a full equestrian military career. A - praefectus cohortis B - tribunus angusticlavius / tribunus cohortis C - praefectus alae .
Triarius	'Third liner'. heavy legionary infantry soldier.
Triarius ordo	Centurion of the triarii or pili .
Triarius prior	Senior centurion of a manipulus of the triarii .
Triboli	Caltrops.
Tribounos	Greek equivalent of tribunus . senior officer.
Tribunal	Raised platform in front of the HQ used for addressing the troops or administring justice.
Tribunus	Senior officer.
Tribunus angusticlavius	'Narrow striped officer'. equestrian legionary officer.
Tribunus cohortis	Commander of auxiliary unit.
Tribunus comitiatus	Officer elected as tribunus militum by the comitia .
Tribunus laticlavius	'Broadstriped officer'. senatorial legionary officer.
Tribunus militum	Senior legionary officer.
Tribunus militum a populo	Senior legionary officer appointed by popular assembly.
Tribunus Rufulus	Officer picked by the commander.
Tribunus sexmestris	Tribune serving a tour of duty of only six months. note that there is absolutely no evidence at all to identify this officer as commander of the legionary cavalry as sometimes stated in modern literature.
Tribunus vacans	Late Roman unassigned tribune. staff officer.
Trierarchus	Naval officer. ship's captain.
Trièrès	Trireme. galley with single oarsmen on three levels.
Triremis	Trireme. galley with single rowers on three levels.
Triumphalia ornamenta	The insignia of a triumphator .
Triumphator	Victorious army commander granted the right of holidng a triumphus .
Triumphus	Triumphal entry into the city of Rome. highest honour bestowed on victorious commander.
Tuba	Trumpet.
Tubicen	Trumpeter.
Tubicen princeps	Senior trumpeter.
Tumultuarius	Irregular auxiliary.
Tumultus	Mobilisation.
Tunica	Tunic.
Tunica palmata	Gold embroidered purple garment worn by triumphator .
Turma	Cavalry unit.
Turmalis	Soldier belonging to a turma . trooper.
Turris	Tower.
Turris ambulatoria	Siege tower.
Turritus	Turreted.

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